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Anthony Gale
Anthony Gale was the fourth Commandant of the United States Marine Corps and the only one ever fired. Fewer records survive concerning him than any other commandant.〔Jordan, Robert T. (2007, March). (''The Mystery of Lieutenant Colonel Commandant Anthony Gale.'' ) Leatherneck Magazine, p. 46〕 He is the only commandant for whom the Marines neither know his burial location nor have a portrait or likeness.
== Early life ==
His date of birth is in dispute. It is variously reported to be in 1761 〔Millett, Allan Reed and Shulimson, Jack (2004). (''Commandants of the Marine Corps.'' ) Annapolis: Naval Institute Press, p. 45〕〔Bartlett, Merrill LtCol. USMC (Ret.) (1985, June). ''Court-Martial of a Commandant, The Story of Lieutenant Colonel Anthony Gale, Fourth Commandant of the Marine Corps'', Proceedings Magazine〕 or on September 17, 1782 in Dublin, Ireland.〔Jordan, ''The Mystery of Lieutenant Colonel Commandant Anthony Gale'', p. 46〕〔Schuon, Karl (1963). ''U. S. Marine Corps Biographical Dictionary.'' New York: Franklin Watts, Inc., p. 83〕 He was commissioned as a second lieutenant on July 26, 1798.〔Millett and Shulimson, '' Commandants of the Marine Corps'', p. 45〕〔Ancestry.com. U.S. Marine Corps Muster Rolls, 1798-1940. Provo, UT, USA: The Generations Network, Inc. (2007). ''Master Roll of a Detachment of Marines under the Command of Lieutenant Anthony Gale.'' Original data: Muster Rolls of the U.S. Marine Corps, 1798-1892; (National Archives Microfilm Publication T1118, 123 rolls); Records of the U.S. Marine Corps, Record Group 127; National Archives, Washington, D.C〕 According to a transcript of a 23 October 1838 letter to President Martin Van Buren, Anthony Gale writes (in part): “as a military man that I embraced in my nineteenth year”, which would place his birth in 1779-1780.〔USMC Archives, Anthony Gale Collection.〕
Born in Ireland to Anthony Gale and Ann Delany,〔 Gale declared his intent to become a United States citizen on June 15, 1798, and completed the naturalization process on November 27, 1801.〔United States District Court, Eastern District of Pennsylvania (1801, 27 November). ''Petition of Anthony Gale to Become a Citizen of the United States''〕 Ireland land records 〔Gale, Thomas (1780). ''Marriage Settlement for Anne Delany.'' Register of the Registry of Deeds, Ireland, Book 336, page 131, Document 224169, reproduced from LDS FHL British Film #531707, Volume 336, 1780-1781〕〔Delany, Malachy (1773). ''Indentured Deed to Anne Delany.'' Register of the Registry of Deeds, Ireland, Book 362, page 165, Document 243456, reproduced from LDS FHL British Film #531955, Volumes 361-362, 1784-1785〕〔Delany, Malachy (1782). ''Indenture of Lease to Anne Delany''. Register of the Registry of Deeds, Ireland, Book 362, page 164, Document 243455, reproduced from LDS FHL British Film #531955, Volumes 361-362, 1784-1785〕 involving his mother Ann Delany suggest Gale was born in Queen’s County, Ireland, subsequently renamed County Laois.〔McCarthy, John Patrick (2006). ''Ireland: A Reference Guide from the Renaissance to the Present''. New York: Infobase Publishing, pp. 324-325.〕
Gale married Catherine Swope on January 4, 1800, in Cumberland County, Pennsylvania.〔Ancestry.com. Cumberland County, Pennsylvania Church Records (on-line ). Provo, UT, USA: The Generations Network, Inc. (2000). ''Original data: Transcribed from LDS Family History Library copies of church records for this locality''〕 The couple settled in Philadelphia and had three children – Amelia, who died after four weeks; a son, Washington Anthony; and another daughter, Emily, both of whom survived into adulthood.〔Millett and Shulimson, '' Commandants of the Marine Corps'', p. 46〕
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